Upcoming Seminars

The Combined Use of Modeling and Large-scale Experiments in the Development of Fire Protection Solutions

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Speaker: Dr. Francesco Tamanini – FM Global
Date: October 4, 2024; Time: 2:30 PM Location: PWEB 175

Abstract: Practical fire protection challenges are often not easily amenable to solutions that can be developed from a single approach.  The tools that are more frequently used include: engineering correlations, reduced-scale physical modeling, large-scale testing, computer simulations.  The last two find wide application in addressing loss prevention questions.  Large-scale testing, however, is very expensive and not always feasible.  CFD modeling, on the other hand, is not fully reliable in the absence of experimental validation.  These limitations can be overcome by combining the two approaches.  The seminar will discuss two cases where that was done and will highlight the challenges that were encountered.

Biographical Sketch: After doing initial work on the computer modeling of fires and coordinating for several years FM’s research activities in the area of explosions, Dr. Tamanini moved in 2004 to the Consulting Research Scientist position and eventually to Sr. Research Fellow.  In his current role, he provides support to the Manager of Research, and to the entire scientific and engineering staff, on issues spanning all research topics of interest to FM.  They include: fire testing, material flammability, CFD modeling of fires and explosions, impact of natural hazards (wind, flood, earthquake) on property, risk assessment, equipment reliability, and material damage. During April 2021-June 2023 he has been the Acting Director for the Equipment, Cyber and Materials Science Area.

He has contributed original work in several technical areas:

  • extinguishment of fires by water sprays;
  • computer modeling of turbulent buoyancy controlled flames;
  • measurements of the flammability properties of materials;
  • large scale experiments on the combustion behavior of hydrogen releases into confined volumes;
  • definition of the reactivity characteristics of silane;
  • vent sizing requirements for explosions in layered vapor/air mixtures;
  • engineering tools for dust explosion protection vent sizing;
  • protection of storage of cellulose nitrate film;
  • interpretation of ceiling layer temperatures in large-scale fires; and
  • various other fire problems, as well as dust and gas explosions.

 

Franco started working at Factory Mutual Research in 1974 after receiving a Ph.D. in applied physics from Harvard University.  He also holds an MS degree in aeronautics from the California Institute of Technology and a Laurea in mechanical engineering from the Politecnico di Torino in Italy.  He has served as the Chairman of the Eastern States Section of the Combustion Institute, is the 1996 recipient of the Bill Doyle award of the AIChE, and has published numerous refereed papers and technical reports.

 

Morphology, optical properties & climate impact of soot nanoparticles

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Abstract: Soot is a major air pollutant produced by incomplete combustion of hydrocarbon fuels. The contribution of soot to global warming is currently estimated with large uncertainty (partly) due to the fractal-like agglomerate structure of its constituent nanoparticles. Here, the dynamics of soot nanoparticles are investigated to advance our current understanding of particle formation during combustion. Discrete element modeling (DEM) enables the detailed description of the particle morphology (doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2016.08.078) and optical properties (doi.org/10. 1016/j.proci.2018. 08.025) in population balance models and computational fluid dynamics (doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2021.01.010). Power laws relating the optical properties of soot to its filamentary structure are derived by DEM (doi.org/10.1016/j.carbon.2017.06.004) to facilitate the accurate monitoring of soot emissions by aerosol (doi.org/10.1016/j.proci.2020. 07.055), laser (doi.org/10.1016/j.combustflame.2022.112025) diagnostics and fire detectors (doi.org/10.1016/j.powtec.2019.02.003). Most importantly, these relations enable the estimation of the soot direct radiative forcing accounting for its realistic agglomerate structure (doi.org/10.1021/acs.est.2c00428).

Biographical Sketch: Dr. Georgios Kelesidis is an Assistant Professor at Rutgers School of Public Health and Deputy Director of the Nanoscience and Advanced Materials Center of the Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences Institute at Rutgers University. Prior to this appointment, he was a Lecturer and Research Associate at the Department of Mechanical and Process Engineering of ETH Zürich, Switzerland. He received a Diploma in Chemical Engineering from the University of Patras, Greece with honors (top 3%), along with the Limmat Stiftung Award of Academic Excellence (2013). His subsequent MSc studies in Process Engineering at ETH Zürich were supported by a Particle Technology Laboratory Fellowship (2013-2015), while his MSc thesis earned the IBM research prize (2017) for computer modelling and simulations in chemistry, biology and material science. His 2019 PhD thesis on the morphology and optical properties of flame-made nanoparticles received the 2020 PhD Award from GAeF (German Association for Aerosol Research) and the ETH medal for Outstanding Doctoral Thesis (top 8 %). He received also the 1st Graduate Student Award on Carbon Nanomaterials at the 2019 AIChE Annual Meeting (Orlando, FL, USA), as well as Best Poster Awards at the European Aerosol Conference (EAC) in 2016 (Tours, France) and 2020 (Aachen, Germany), the 2019 ETH Conference on Combustion Generated Nanoparticles (Zürich, Switzerland) and the 2019 Fall Meeting of the Material Research Society (MRS). The societal impact of his PhD research was also highlighted by the Forbes Magazine by including him in the 2020 Forbes 30 under 30 Europe list for Science & Healthcare. He has co-authored 21 peer-reviewed articles so far, being the first author in 16 of them. He has organized technical sessions at MRS (2016), EAC (2019-2021), the 2020-2022 Annual Meetings of the American Association for Aerosol Research, the 11th International Aerosol Conference (2022) and the 9th World Congress on Particle Technology (2022). He has supervised so far 10 MSc and 7 BSc students. He is currently co-supervising 1 PhD student at ETH Zürich.